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Urinary Tract Infection (Lower) – Women (ALL)
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1. Why is trimethoprim generally avoided during the first trimester of pregnancy?
*
Risk of neural tube defects due to folate antagonism
It causes high blood pressure
It leads to maternal weight gain
It increases fluid retention
2. Which condition can mimic UTI symptoms in women?
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Otitis externa
Hypothyroidism
Vaginitis
Sinusitis
3. Which group requires urine culture before treating UTI?
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Post-menopausal women
Pregnant women
Women with hay fever
Healthy women under 25
4. Which population should avoid nitrofurantoin unless benefits outweigh risks?
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Women on antihistamines
Women with eczema
Healthy pregnant women
Women with eGFR <45
5. When should referral be considered in a woman with UTI?
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Mild frequency only
If dipstick is negative
Recurrent or complicated UTI
First episode of UTI
6. What is the most typical symptom of lower UTI in women?
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Dysuria
Headache
Photophobia
Vomiting
7. How should recurrent UTI in women be defined?
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Persistent leukocytes
1 infection per year
Any 2 infections
≥2 infections in 6 months or ≥3 in 12 months
8. What is the key purpose of a urine culture?
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Assess fluid status
Measure creatinine
Guide antibiotic choice
Detect kidney stones
9. What finding suggests complicated UTI in women?
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Suprapubic pain
Fever or flank pain
Nocturia
Mild urgency
10. What advice should be given to help prevent UTI recurrence in women?
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High-fat diet
Taking cold baths
Avoiding showers
Hydration and voiding after sex
11. How long should nitrofurantoin be prescribed for uncomplicated UTI in women?
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1 day
3 days
7 days
10 days
12. What symptom combination suggests acute cystitis?
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Back pain and rash
Dysuria, frequency, urgency
Headache and sore throat
Cough and fever
13. Which factor increases the risk of recurrent UTI in women?
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Taking antihistamines
Wearing tight shoes
Frequent sexual activity
Eating citrus fruit
14. What is the key consideration when prescribing antibiotics for UTI in the final trimester of pregnancy?
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Avoid nitrofurantoin
Using the highest effective dose
Avoiding all antibiotics
Treating only if symptoms are severe
15. Which of the following is not usually a sign of lower UTI?
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Dysuria
Vomiting
Urgency
Suprapubic discomfort
16. Which symptom suggests upper UTI rather than lower UTI?
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Dysuria only
Nocturia alone
Mild urgency
Loin pain with fever
17. When should urine culture be sent in women with suspected UTI?
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Only in elderly
Recurrent UTI, pregnant, or resistant infections
Every case
Never
18. In non-pregnant women with typical UTI symptoms, what is the recommended management?
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Empirical antibiotics without urine testing
Start steroids
Wait for culture before treatment
Immediate hospital referral
19. What is the most common bacterial cause of lower UTI in women?
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Escherichia coli
Proteus mirabilis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Enterococcus faecalis
20. What is the typical urinalysis finding in UTI?
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Low pH only
High glucose
Positive bilirubin
Positive leukocytes and nitrites