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Aphthous Ulcer (P)
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Course Curriculum
1. What is the typical presentation of an aphthous ulcer?
*
Painful white patches with raised borders
Single or multiple round ulcers with a red halo
Non-painful hard nodules
Crusting ulcers with yellow discharge
2. Which of the following is a known risk factor for recurrent aphthous ulcers?
*
Excess calcium
Folic acid supplementation
Vitamin B12 deficiency
High protein diet
3. Where do minor aphthous ulcers most commonly occur?
*
Hard palate
Gingivae
Tongue dorsum
Non-keratinised mucosa
4. How long do minor aphthous ulcers typically take to heal?
*
2–4 days
7–10 days
2–4 weeks
6 weeks
5. What is the recommended first-line topical treatment for painful aphthous ulcers?
*
Topical antifungals
Topical corticosteroids
Antiviral cream
Chlorhexidine mouthwash
6. Which systemic disease is associated with recurrent oral aphthous ulcers?
*
Asthma
Coeliac disease
Parkinson’s disease
Gout
7. Which type of aphthous ulcer is larger and can cause scarring?
*
Minor
Major
Herpetiform
Mixed
8. Which vitamin deficiency is least associated with aphthous ulcers?
*
Vitamin B12
Folic acid
Iron
Vitamin D
9. What is a common symptom accompanying aphthous ulcers?
*
Pain during eating
Visual disturbance
Ear pain
Chest pain
10. Which of the following conditions should be considered in severe or complex aphthous ulcers?
*
Behçet’s disease
Tonsillitis
Mumps
HIV only
11. How does chlorhexidine mouthwash help in aphthous ulcers?
*
Acts as an analgesic
Promotes ulcer scabbing
Reduces secondary infection and promotes healing
Increases ulcer hydration
12. Which form of ulcer is typically multiple, small (<3 mm), and may coalesce?
*
Major
Sclerotic
Traumatic
Herpetiform
13. Which age group is most likely to experience first presentation of aphthous ulcers?
*
Elderly >70
Middle-aged adults
B. Teenagers and young adults
<10 years
14. Which lifestyle factor can precipitate aphthous ulcers?
*
Stress
Regular exercise
Smoking
High-fibre diet
15. In a person with new-onset oral ulcers and systemic symptoms, which condition must be excluded?
*
Diabetes
Ulcerative colitis
Behçet’s syndrome
Hepatitis B
16. Which test is commonly ordered to investigate underlying nutritional causes of aphthous ulcers?
*
Full blood count and ferritin, B12, folate
LFTs, GGT and Amylase
C. HbA1c
Viral Swab
17. Which of the following would be a red flag needing specialist referral?
*
Single painless ulcer lasting <1 week
Ulcer healing in 7 days
Non-healing ulcer >3 weeks
Ulcer after spicy food
18. Which is NOT a feature of aphthous ulcers?
*
Round or oval shape
Yellow or grey centre
Indurated rolled edges
Erythematous margin
19. What is the typical management of a mild aphthous ulcer in a healthy patient?
*
High-dose oral steroids
Antiviral therapy
Surgical excision
Reassurance and topical corticosteroids
20. Which food substance may aggravate aphthous ulcers?
*
Tomatoes and citrus fruits
Milk
Yoghurt
Broccoli