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Balanitis (P)
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1. What is balanitis?
*
Inflammation of the bladder
Inflammation of the foreskin
Infection of the testicles
Inflammation of the glans penis •
2. What is the most common cause of balanitis in adults?
*
Viral infection
Allergic reaction
Prostate cancer
Poor hygiene and irritants
3. Which organism is most commonly implicated in infective balanitis?
*
Candida albicans
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Streptococcus pyogenes
Trichomonas vaginalis
4. Which condition increases the risk of recurrent balanitis?
*
Hypertension
Diabetes mellitus
Asthma
Psoriasis
5. Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of balanitis?
*
Redness of the glans
Swelling
Pus from urethra
Itching or soreness
6. What advice is appropriate for hygiene in balanitis management?
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Avoid washing genitals
Use antiseptic daily
Gently clean with warm water and avoid soaps
Scrub with alcohol
7. Which topical treatment is appropriate for candidal balanitis?
*
Hydrocortisone
Clotrimazole
Mupirocin
Fucidin
8. What is the recommended oral antifungal for persistent balanitis due to Candida?
*
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Terbinafine
9. What condition in children is often associated with balanitis?
*
Phimosis
Epispadias
Hydrocele
Cryptorchidism
10. Which of the following is a potential long-term complication of recurrent balanitis?
*
Testicular torsion
Paraphimosis
Penile cancer
Urethral diverticulum
11. When should referral to urology be considered for balanitis?
*
After 3 days of symptoms
If recurrent or severe with scarring or phimosis
If blood pressure is raised
If age >50
12. What type of balanitis is associated with reactive arthritis?
*
Zoon’s balanitis
Balanitis xerotica obliterans
Circinate balanitis
Irritant balanitis
13. Which of the following would suggest a non-infective cause of balanitis?
*
Fever and purulent discharge
Red moist patches and mild itching
Burning on urination
High white cell count
14. Which investigation may be helpful in resistant or recurrent balanitis?
*
Swab for culture
Liver function test
Full blood count
Serum cortisol
15. Which medication class can cause balanitis-like symptoms as a side effect?
*
Statins
Antibiotics
ACE inhibitors
SGLT2 inhibitors
16. What is Zoon’s balanitis?
*
Viral infection
Non-infective, chronic inflammatory condition
Parasitic disease
Autoimmune reaction
17. What is the role of circumcision in balanitis management?
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Never appropriate
First-line in all cases
Consider in recurrent cases
Mandatory for all children
18. What is the appearance of circinate balanitis?
*
Dry scaly lesions
Ulcerated nodules
Pustules with crusts
Erythematous plaques with serpiginous margins
19. Which STI should be excluded in a sexually active male with balanitis?
*
Syphilis
HIV
Herpes simplex virus
All of the above
20. Which of the following may be used for irritant balanitis treatment?
*
Topical corticosteroids
Oral antifungals
Systemic antibiotics
Oral antivirals