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NMP Question Set 15 (Pharmacology)
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1. Which term describes a metabolite that has a similar pharmacodynamic effect to the parent drug?
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Inactive metabolite
Toxic metabolite
Prodrug
Active metabolite
2. Which term best describes a metabolite that causes harm to the body?
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Inert metabolite
Reactive metabolite
Active metabolite
Conjugated metabolite
3. Which statement best defines a drug receptor?
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A protein that binds ligands and initiates a biochemical response
Any enzyme that metabolizes drugs
A carbohydrate on the cell membrane
A protein that always activates the immune system
4. Which term best defines the membrane structure surrounding cells and organelles?
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Fluid mosaic
Phospholipid bilayer
Cholesterol monolayer
Glycoprotein gel
5. Which statement best defines an enzyme?
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A lipid molecule involved in membrane structure
A nucleic acid that stores genetic information
A protein that catalyzes specific biochemical reactions
A carbohydrate that regulates blood sugar
6. Which best characterises an adverse drug reaction (ADR)
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Any expected and minor side effect
A harmful, unintended response to a medicine
A reaction occurring only during overdose
Any effect that requires dose adjustment
7. Which symbol denotes that a medicine in the UK is subject to additional MHRA monitoring upon initial licensing?
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A blue circle
A green square
A red exclamation mark
A black triangle
8. Select the best definition for Drug Interaction?
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A change in drug effect due to another substance
Any adverse drug reaction occurring at therapeutic doses
The body's process of eliminating a drug through urine
A reaction occurring only in overdose situations
9. How is bioavailability best defined in pharmacology?
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The dose required to achieve a therapeutic effect
The rate at which the drug is metabolised
The fraction of an administered dose that reaches systemic circulation unchanged
The proportion of the dose excreted via bile
10. Which of the following is not a commonly reported side effect of beta‑blockers?
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Cold hands or feet
Fatigue
Erectile Dysfunction
Skin Rash
11. Which type of medication is salbutamol?
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Short-acting β₂‑adrenoceptor agonist
Long-acting β₁‑adrenoceptor antagonist
Muscarinic receptor antagonist
Inhaled corticosteroid
12. Which is a common side-effect of inhaled corticosteroids?
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Weight gain
Oral candidiasis
Hypertension
Constipation
13. Which of the following medications is contraindicated during the first trimester of pregnancy?
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Nitrofurantoin
Trimethoprim
Amoxicillin
Cephalexin
14. Which class of medication is most commonly associated with a persistent dry cough?
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ACE inhibitors (e.g., ramipril)
Calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine)
β-blockers (e.g., propranolol)
Thiazide diuretics (e.g., bendroflumethiazide)
15. Which best describes a receptor antagonist?
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A ligand that prevents receptor activation
A ligand that enhances receptor response
A molecule that degrades the receptor
An activator of receptor synthesis
16. An angiotensin II receptor antagonist typically ends with which suffix?
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–statin
–pril
–sartan
–prazole
17. For prescriptions on a child’s FP10, UK regulations require the age to be documented as:
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Date of birth only
Years only
Years and days
Years and months
18. Which is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?
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Hypotension
Constipation
Insomnia
Urinary tract infections
19. A patient’s record shows a penicillin allergy from childhood, yet they report taking amoxicillin 6 months ago without reaction. What is the most appropriate action?
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Perform a drug challenge test immediately
Maintain the allergy record and avoid prescribing penicillins
Record the childhood allergy as resolved and prescribe cautiously
Prescribe with an adrenaline auto-injector as a precaution
20. Buprenorphine is classified pharmacologically as which of the following?
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Non-opioid analgesic
Full μ‑opioid receptor agonist
Partial μ‑opioid receptor agonist
Opioid receptor antagonist